In older buildings, especially in Europe, window bars were designed with curves at the bottom to prevent intruders from using ropes or hooks to climb up.
Think about it: straight horizontal bars are essentially a ladder waiting to happen. A thief could loop a rope around them or use a grappling hook to climb. But curved bars, especially those that bend outward, make this much more difficult. The curve disrupts the straight line, making it harder to get a secure grip or attachment.
The "Potbelly" Effect: Creating Extra Space
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Originally, window bars were installed to keep homes secure while allowing airflow. Over time, people found that by curving the bars outward, they could also create a bit of extra space—a kind of mini-balcony behind the safety of iron.